Dairy-based foods like milk, cheese and yogurt are staples of many diets. Although dairy offers a variety of essential nutrients, some people find dairy difficult to digest. Approximately 65% of the global population is believed to be lactose intolerant, meaning they lack the enzymes to properly digest dairy. In this article, we’ll explain why some people are dairy intolerant and how they can still enjoy dairy products without suffering digestive distress.
Table of Contents
What Is Lactose Intolerance?
Lactose is a sugar found in dairy products that must be broken down before it can be absorbed by the body. People with issues managing lactose intolerance are missing a key intestinal enzyme, lactase, which helps break lactose down for digestion. Without this enzyme, lactose is not digested and enters the large intestine, where it ferments and causes uncomfortable digestive symptoms, such as gas, bloating, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea. Fortunately this can be cured with the best lactase enzyme drops.
To distinguish between a dairy allergy and a dairy intolerance, it’s important to note that an allergy involves an immune system response. Whereas an intolerance does not involve the immune system; instead, it’s the inability of the digestive system to process a certain food.
Causes of Dairy Intolerance
The primary cause of why some people are dairy intolerant lactose is genetics. Around 75 percent of people of African, Native American, Asian, and South American descent are lactose intolerant, as well as up to 90 percent of those of Jewish and Mediterranean descent.
However, lactose intolerance can also develop as a result of certain medical conditions, such as Crohn’s disease, celiac disease, or surgical removal of all or part of the small intestine. In addition, certain medications and radiation treatment of the small intestine can reduce the production of the lactase enzyme, leading to lactose intolerance.
Testing for Dairy Intolerance
If you think you’re lactose intolerant, your doctor may order a hydrogen breath test or a blood test to confirm the diagnosis. During the hydrogen breath test, you will be asked to drink a solution that contains lactose, then your doctor will use a breathalyzer to measure the amount of hydrogen in your breath over a specified period of time. If the level of hydrogen increases, it suggests that your body is not able to process the lactose.
The other test your doctor may recommend is a blood test. This involves drawing a sample of your blood and testing it for the presence of glucose, which is a sign that the body is breaking down lactose.
Managing Dairy Intolerance
The good news is that people with lactose intolerance can still enjoy some dairy. The key is to avoid lactose-containing products altogether or to take the best lactase supplements before consuming them.
There are also several lactose-free alternative products available, such as lactose-free milk, ice cream, and cheese. These products typically contain the enzyme lactase, which helps break down the lactose, making them easier to digest.
Additionally, adding probiotic bacteria to the diet can help improve lactose digestion. Probiotics are healthy bacteria that live in your gut and help break down lactose. Many dairy-free probiotic products are available, such as fermented soy, coconut yogurt and cultured vegetables.
Conclusion
Although it can be challenging to cut out dairy from your diet, it’s important to understand that it doesn’t have to mean sacrificing favorite foods. For those who are lactose intolerant, there are many alternatives that can help make it easier to enjoy dairy without experiencing digestive discomfort.